Lathe mechanism



Feb. 5, 1929.

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w. L. SCHELLENBAH Feb. 5, 19219.

LATHE MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 1, 1927 Febo 5,

- W. L. SCHELLENBAC-H LATHE MECHANI SM 4 Filed Aug. 1, 1927 6Sheets-Sheet 6 i' device, partly broken away, and with the protectivehousing on the'apron and the inclaims, and from vthe Patented `Feb. 5,1929.

UNITEDSTATES;

WILLIAM L. SCHELLENBAOH, `0F WYOMING, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICANTOOL u PATENTv oFFl-CE.:

WORKS COIIIPANY,r OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

LATI-IE MECHANISM.

Application led August:r 1-, 1927. Serial No. 209,980.

My inventionrelates to lathe mechanism adapted especially' forrepetitional `work, and it is the object of my invention to priovide newand improved means for feeding a tool or tools with relation to thework; further, to `provide new and improved meansvwhereby tofeed Yatoolor tools into the ywork and return the same out of the work and tocauseautomatic cessationy of movement ofthe tool or tools; further, toprovide novel manual control means 'for initiating` feedingv movement ofthe tool or tools; further, to 'provide novel means for interrupting the`power means for feeding the tool or vtools upon completion ofthe 'cycleof operations upon the work; further,

to provide novel Ymeans for maintaining such interruption and forfeeding the tool or tools by hand; further, to provide novel means forcontrolling the 'rotation of the work; and, further, to prov-ide nove-l'means for automatically controlling the feeding movements of the toolor tools and the rotative movements of the work with relation to saidfeeding movements.

The invention will be further readily understood from'thefollowingdescription and drawings, in which latter: f s

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved dicating means thereonremoved.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the apron and adjacent parts, partlybroken away, show ing the protective housing and the 'indicatmgv means.v

Fig. 3 is a plan view vof vkmy improved device.

Fig. 4- is a verticalcross-section of the same, taken on the line 44 ofkFig. 3, partly broken away, and showing the power controlling means.

Fig. 5 is a vertical Section of thesame,

maken@ the piane 0f the 1in@ as of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 vis a cross-section of the same, taken viii 'the plane of theline 6-"6 of Fig. 5.

F ig. 7 is a cross-section of thesame, taken in the plane of thelinev7-7 -of Fig. 5v. n

Fig. v8 is .a vertical cross-section of my improved device, taken on theline' 8;-8 of Fig. l.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the same, partly broken awayand partly insection on'tlie line 9-9 of Fig. l.

`changing gearing, shown generall end elevational detail Fig.v l() a'crosssectionaldetail View,

taken on the line 10-10 of Fig.`1, showing 'the clamping means for .thesleeve of the tail-spindle.

Fig. 1l is a horizontal section of my im proved device, taken on thelline 11--11 of F ig. l, and partly broken awa 7 Fig. 12 is averticalsection, ta en in the plane of the line 12-12 ,of F 11, and

partlybroken away, showing a detailfofthe l power interrupting means.

,Fig. 13 1s a cross-sectional detail view taken on the irregular line13-13 of Fig. l, y

and Ipartly broken away. y Fig. Mis a cross-sectional detail view takenon the line 14g-14 of Fig. 1, and

` partly broken away.

.camf and its coactive. rollers, laid out in plane.

' 'The bed 2l supports ahead-stock 22 v'and atail-stock 23. Thetail-stock is adjustable -along suitable ways 24, and is clamped `in Yadjusted positions by suitable clamps 25. The headspindle 26 isjournaled in suitable bearings in the vhead-stock. (See Fig. 4]) Adrive-shaft 27 is also journaled in suitable bearings on the head-stock.Suitablel speed at 28, maybe located between the drive-sv laft and lthespindle for rotating the lspindle at .various speeds. y

The-means' shown for rotating the driveshaftfis a pulley 3l, which is-rotatable 'I looselycabout the drive-shaft, and is arranged to beconnected with the drive-shaft by meansof a suitableV clutch 3,2. (SeeFigs. 5 and 6.)

This" clutch is exemplified as a friction clutch comprising afriction.bandy 33. A stop 34 is on. a hub 35 at one of the ends of thefriction-band. The 4pulley is fixed to vthe hub and the hub is fixed toa pulley sleeve 36 rotatable with the pulley. An eX- panding lever ispivoted at 38 to the hub, and coacts with the'other end .of the frictionband, for expanding the frictionba'nd' against the flange 39 of ay cup40 fixedf to the drive-shaft 27. A cam-key 41 is slidableV ing end oi'the level.` outwardly for engaging the elutch. vThe lever normallyretracted by a spring 43.

A spool 45 is fixed endwise to the cam-key and slides axially on thesleeve 36. A fork 46 is received in an annular groove in said spool andfixed to an axially movable rod 47 slidable in bearings 48, 49, in theheadstock. rllhe shalt is provided with a toothed rack 50, with which apinion 51 meshes, operated in manner to be hereinafter described. f

A brake, shown generally at 55, comprises a band 56 about a spool 57fixed to the driveshaft. (See Figs. 5 and 7.) The brakeband is fixed atone end to an adjustable threaded shank 58, adjustable by means of Vnuts59 in a lug 60 of a bearing 61 fixed to the head-stock. A lever 64 ispivoted on a pin 65 extending from the head-stock and has a heel 66engaged by a slide-pin-67. The other end of the lever is pivoted by ajoint 68 with the other end oi the brake-band. Thebrake-band is normallyheld away 'from the spoel by means of spring-pressed plungers 69 in aiixed bearing-piece 70 attached to the head-stock, and acting on thebrakeband to normally expand the saine and release the spool. rllhespiingpiessed plungkers act on extensions 71 of the brake-band.

The brake-band has a suitable lining 72 coacting with the spool.

The axially movable rod 47 is provided with a cam surface 7 5 which isarranged to push the slide-pin 67 outwardly for engaging the brake.

lVhen the rod is moved in one direction the clutch is engaged and thebrake released, and when it is moved in the opposite direction, thebrake is engaged and the clutch is released, il'or either quicklystarting or quickly stopping the drive-shaft 27.

The head-spindle is provided with a suitable chuck 81, (see Figs. 1 and3) by means of which the Work, represented at 82, is arranged to besecured, :for rotating the work with the spindle. The piece of work isexemplified as a piston of an internal combustion engine, the operationbeing performed on the piston being represented as the cutting et thegrooves 83 in the piston for receiving the usual piston rings, three oiIthese grooves being shown.

The tail-stock has a tail-spindle 35 therein, in the inner end of whichthere is a usual tail-center 86. Thetail-spindle is slidable axially ina bearing 87 in the tail-stock, and has a handle 88 at its outer end bymeans of lwhich the tail-spindle is moved manually axially. Suitablemeans are provided for preventing rotation of the tail-spindle. Thetail-spindle is moved axially for reception of the tail-eenter in thework and for movement of the tail-center away from the work. Theconstruction enables quick movement of the tailspindle and provides aylarge gap between the chuck' andthe tail-center ior quick and properplacementv and removal or' the work.

The tail-spindle is arranged to be clamped in eoactingi; position withthe work by clamp shoes 91, 92, movable axially in a bearing 93extending crosswise ot' the tail-stock. (See Figs. 1, 3 and 10.) A rod94 is received through coaxial bores in the slices, and has a nut 95adjustably threaded over one endV thereof, engagingone end of the shoes.The other end of the rod is provided with a pivot-head 96. Av fork 97 ona handle 98 is received about the pivot-head and pivoted thereto by apin 99. The fork is'providedl with cam-faces 100 at the respective sidesof the rod, engaging a. washer 101 between the fork and the other endoli the clamping shoes. Moving the handlev 98 of the fork downwardlyclamps the spindle.

A carriage 105 slidable lengthwise oi the bed on guideways 106 on thebed, and is movable by a pinion 107 on a shaft 108 journaled in theapron 109 depending from the carriage, the pinion meshing with a rack110 extending' lengthwise of and secured to the bed.` The shaft isprovided with a squared end 111 for receiving a suitabie operatinghandle. v

A cross-slide 115 is slidable crosswise on guideways 116 on thecarriage. (See Figs. 1, 3 and 8.) An auxiliary cross-slide 117 isslidable erosswise of vthe carriage on the main cross-slide 115 along'guideways 118 between the main crossfslide and the auxiliarycross-slide.

A cam-block 121 is provided with a nut 122, which has a threaded stud123 at its upper end. The camblock is provided with shoulders 124 whichcoact with the main crossslide. A washer 125 and nut 126 are receivedover the threaded stud 123 for clamping the nut to the main cross-slide.

A screw-rod 131 is threaded in the nut and is journaled in bearings 132,133, in the main cross-slide. The lscrew-rod has a handwheel 134thereon, by means of which it is turned in the nut 'for moving theVscrew lengthwise of the cani-block and determining the position of themain cross-slide willi relation to the cam-block. A clamp-nut 135 isreceived about a threaded portion 136 oi' the screw-rod for clamping thescrew-rod in adjusted positions to ,the bearing 132.

A screw-rod 141 is journaled in a bearing 142 on the main cross-slide,and is threaded into a threaded socket 143 in the auxiliary crossslide.The screw-rod 141 is provided with a hand-wheel 144 for turning the sameand thereby adjusting the position of the auxiliary cross-slidelengthwise of the main cross-slide and'crosswise ofthe carriage. Aclamping nut Y145 is 'threaded over a threaded portionr146 of the,screw-rod 141 and` clamps the screw-rod in adjustedlpositions toY thebearing 142.

y The main cross-slide is providedr with a tool-pedestal 151` and theauxiliary crossslideris provided with a toolpedestal- 152. Tool-blocks153', 154, are vsecured to the respective pedestals, and arerespectively provided; with cutting tools 155, 156, whichare adjustablysecured in the tool-blocks.' The cutting edges of the respective toolsare presented in vopposite directions tothe rotating work for propercutting relation with the work. Three of each of the toolsv vareexemplified for ysimultaneously cutting `three annular grooves forpiston rings in t-he piston-blanky represented as the Apiece yof work.The tools 155 are exemplified as roughing tools and the tools 156 arerepresented as finishing tools. The respectivev tools are receivedinvslots 157 in the respective tool-blocks, and are clamped in adjustedpositions byset-bolts 158.

The tool-blocks are laterally adjustable on the cross-slide, thepedestals of which are provided with T-slots 159, in which guiding lugs160 of thetool-blocks are received. Bolts 161 are received in. theTfslots and pass through lugs 162 in the tool-blocks, nuts 168 clampingthe tool-blocks in adjusted positions oli-,thetool-pedestals. v

The oppositely presented cutting edges of the cutting tools are normallyout of contact with the work. The cr`0ss4slides are moved crosswise ofthe carriage for first engaging the roughing tools with the work andrough-cutting the ring grooves in the piston,y the cross-slides beingthenmoved in opposite direction, whereby the roughing tools are movedout of the grooves and the finishing ltools are movedr intoy the groovesfor finishingy the cutting of the same to proper depth, thecross-slidesy being then moved in the yfirst-named direction, andvstopping preferably when the cutting edges of the respective toolsL areVsubstantially equidistant from thework, at which point thecross-movement of the tools is arrested.

lThese various movements are preferably automatically performed. Therelative adjustment between the tool-slides, and the adjustment of thecamfblock on'themain `cross-slide, determine the distance between thetool-pedestals and thevrelations of the respective tool-pedestals to thevertical plane in which the axis of rotation of the head-spindle islocated.

The means for operating the tool-slides is exemplified as a cam wheel167, which is provided with a'peripheral cam-rib 168 on its outerperiphery. ARollers 169, 170, journaled on pins 171, 172, secured in thecamblock, engage the respective edges of the cam-,rib for transferringthe rotary .movement of the cam into cross-movements of the tool-slides.n

AThe cam-wheel is. fixedl to ashaft 181, journaledin"bearings 182, 183,in the apron of the carriage. The cam-wheel is fixed to the shaft, as bya key 184, and a nut 185 threaded over the threaded portion 186 of saidshaft. The shaft .is held endwise between a shoulder 187 at its outerend and the outer end of the hub of the cam-wheel.

A worm-wheel` 191 is fixed to the. camwlieel, and is meshed by a Worm192, which has spline groove and key connection 193 with Va longitudinalshaft 194, extending longitudi'nally of the bed. (See Figs. 8 and 11.apiion of the carriage at the respectiveends of lthe worm for moving theworm lengthe wise of the shaft 194 upon movement of the carriagelengthwise of the bed. The shaft 194 is journaled ina bearing 197 at oneend of the bed and in bearings 198, 199,y on a clutch-housing 200,secured to the bed at the other end of the bed. A coaxial shaft 201 isjournaled in'. bearings 202, 203, in the clutch-housing. The proximateends of these coaxial shafts have the respective members 204, 205,V of aclutch 206 thereon. The member 205 is fixed to the shaft 194 andthemember 204 is a clutch-collar which has spline groove and keyconnectionv 207 with the shaft 201.

The shaft 201 has a gear 211 fixed there' to. Ashaft 212 is journaled ina bearing 218 .in the c-lutcli-liousi1ig, and has a pulley 214 fixedthereto. (See Figsl, 11 and 12.)

The pulley 31 has a pulley 215 fixed thereto.

A belt 216 is received about these pulleys for driving the shaft 212. ,Agear V217 is fixed to the shaft 212, and meshes with a gear 218 fixed toa shaft 219 journaled in a ybearing 220 in the vclutch-housing. A gear221 is fixed to the shaft 219 and meshes with the gear 211.

Automatic meansv are provided forstopping rotation of the' work uponcompletion of the cutting movements of the cutting tools and prior towithdrawal of ther finishing tools from the work, in order that, uponsuch withdrawal, the lateral walls of the grooves may not be defaced byspiral lines, which is the usual result when withdrawing tools yduringthe rotation of the work. Automatic means are further provided forwithdrawing Bearings 195, 196, extend from the l the finishingtoolsafter 4such stoppage of rotation of the work, so as yto return thecutting tools to normal positions. sation of feeding movements `of thetools upon their arrivalin neutral positions is effected by the releaseof power interrupting means in the feeding train, instanced as theclutch 206.

Arms 225, 226, are fixed' to rotateWit-h the camivheel, beingrfixed tothe shaft- 181.

(See Figs-1 and 8.) The inner' ends of the arms are provided withapertures received over a stud 227 extending from the shaft 181, thestud having a threaded end, over which a nut 228 is threadediiorclaniping the arms to said shalt. lins 229 may also be receivedthrough mating holes in said arms and'in said shaft for angularlypositioning the arms.

A manual control-arm 281 is fixed to a sleeve 232, journaled in abearing 288 in the apron. The sleeve has spline groove and keyconnection 284 with a control-shaft This control shalt is rotatable andslidable axially in a sleeve 286 in a bearing 237 in the apron and in abearing 288 in the clutchhousing. l

fr lever 241 is pivoted onV a bolt 242 lined to the apron, and isprovided with a bearing 248 v'received about a latch-rod 244, slidableaxially in a bearing 245 on the apron, and having a latch 246 coactingwith a shoulder 247 on a pin 248'lixed in a bearing 249 on thecontrol-arm 281. (See Figs. 1, 15 and 16.) A spring 251 surroui'idingthe latch-rod normally urges engagement of the latch with thecontrol-arm. Nuts 252, 258, on the threaded end of the latch-rod adjustthe latching engagement between the latch and the control-arm. Thebearing 243 on the lever 241 normally rests on the bearing 245.

The lever 241 is provided with a. lug 254 which is arranged to beengaged by the arm 225 ttor tripping the latch.

W'hen the latch is tripped, the controlarmv is moved for rocking theshaft 235. This movement may be accomplished by the over-Weightedposition oi the control-arm for causing downward movement ot thecontrol-arm by gravity.

ln order to insure suoli actuating movement ot the control-arm, thesleeve 282 provided With a pinion 258, which meshes with a rack 259 onan upright rod 260, slidable in bearings 261, 262, in the apron, andnon-rotatively held therein by a key 268. (See Fig. 14.) A bell-cranklever comprises an arm 265 iixed to a rock-shaft 266 journaled in abearing 267 in the apron. This arm carries a shoe 269 pivoted thereto,received in a cross-guide 270 in the rod 260 for reciprocating said rod.An arm 271 is fixed to the shaft 266 and has a roller 272 journalcdthereon, which is arranged to be engaged by the arm 225 in the furthermovement of the latter arm after the latter arm has tripped the latch246 for releasing the control arm 281. The movement ot the bellcranklever by the arm 225 causes the raising of the rod 260 and of the rack259, and consequent rocking oi the control-shaft 235.

The control-shaft has an arm 275 fixed 'thereto which, by the rocking ofthe controlshaft, is placed into interfering` relation with means foraxially moving` the control-shaft.

The control-shaft is provided'witha spool 276, in the annular groove oi'which a fork 277 is' received. (See Figs. 11 and l2.) Thisv fork isiiXed to an axiallyl movable rod 278, slidable axially in bearings 279,280, in the clutch-housing. A iork 281 is lined to this rod, and isreceived in an annular groove 282 in the clutch-collar 204, fordisengaging the clutch, and thereby stopping rotation'of the cam-Wheel.The clutch-collar is normally urged into engaged relation with itsmating clutch-member by a spring 288 about the rod 278 between thebearing 279 and the fork 277. y

Automatic stoppage ot suclrrotationis caused by the arm 226, the angularrelation or" which to the arm 225 is such that the clutch is disengagedimn'iediately after the interfering position of the arm 275 is assumed,automatically stopping rotation of' the cam-Wheel at the completion otthe cutting movements of the cutting tools. Y

A slide 285 is slidable on a guideway 286` on the apron, and is furtherguided by shoulder-bolts 287 received through slots 288 in the slide andthreaded into the apron. (See Figs. 1 andll.) The ends ot the slots tixthe limits of movements of the slide. The slide is normally held inretracted position by means of a spring 289, the respective ends ofwhich are iiXed to pins 290, 291, respectively in a lug 292 onthe slideand in the apron.l The slide isV provided with a contact-arm 295,pivoted to the slide on a shoulder-bolt 296, received through said arm land threaded in the slide.v A spring 297, the respective ends of Whichare received about pins 298, 299, respectively on the slide and saidcontact-arm, normallyV urges the contact-arm against a shoulder 300 onsaid slide. i

The arm 226 is arranged to engage'r the contact-arm When moving innormal direction indicated by the arrow 801, for moving the slideendvvise, and thereby contacting the interference arm 275 and moving thecontrol-shaft` 285 endwise. The annular path oit the outer end of thearm 226 is Within the annular path of thev outer end ot the arm 225, sothat the arm 226 in rotating does not interfere with the latch-arm 271or the roller 272.

When the control-arm has been tripped, and the movable member 204 of theclutch 206 has been moved into disengaged relation by the operation ofthe arms 225, 226, the feeding movements of the tool-slides areautomatically arrested in positions with the tools away from the pieceof Work, so that the piece oi' Work may be quickly removed vand anotherpiece inserted, lined to the head-spindle, the rotation of thehead-spindle being quickly stopped by release oi' the clutch 82 andengagement of the brake 55.

The control-arm may be again quickly:

Vferred to as the control-shaft.

raised by manuallyraising the handle 302 thereof, for raising theinterference` arm 275, the interference arm being thereby raised abovethe slide285. The spring 233,4 actingon the fork '277,' retracts thecontrolshaftif235 axially and permits reengagement of the clutch k2.06,for again causing rotation ofthe cam-wheell67, and initiating anothercycle lof operation on 'fthe Work, whichlcon- Ytinues until thecontrol-arm' 231l is again automatically tripped.V The slide 2351s re-vktracted to .normal positionby means of the spring 289 as soon as thearm, 226 has rotated beyond the range of the contact ar1n'295.-y

' Means are also provided for manually releasing the clutch 206 at anypoint of the operation ofthe machine.' This 'is caused by yan arm 305having a kpull-pin handle 306 thereon, :the pin of which vis arranged toen` gage holes307, 308, respectively for releaseV relation'and engagedrelation of the clutch (See Figs. 1 and 13.) This controls arm is fixedto `a shaft 309 vjournaled in a bearing 310 in the apron, and having apinion= 311 thereon, which meshes with a rack 312 on the sleeve 236.Movement'of this arm to the right causes axialfmovement of' the sleeveinto engagement-With thehub of finishing tools from the work, themovement of the finishing tools `being momentarily 'stopped or caused.to have a perlod of dwellY just prior to such withdrawal. The means forautomatically causing stoppage of rotation of the work is exemplified as'connected with the rock-shaft 235, hereinbefore re- (See Figs. 3 and4.) This rock-shaft has an arm 315 fixed thereto which is Y articulatedat 316 with a link317, extendingA crosswise of the lathe bed. The link317 has an articulation `318 withvan arm` 319.` on a rock-shaftf320-journaled in bearings 321 at the frear porf tion of the lathe bed. Thisrock-shaft has an arm 322 fixed thereto. vThe arm 3221is articulated at323- with a link 324 which is in turn articulated at v325 with ranarm326 fixed to a rock-shaft 327 journaled in bearings 328 in thehead-stock. Therock-sha'ft' 3277 has the pinion51 fixed thereto." Vhenthe control-.arm 231 is tripped and moved' 'for rocking thecontrolslntft.235, the p in-v ion 51 is rotated for moving theaxiallyslidable rod 47 lengthwise, to; the right, as

shown in Fig. 5, for releasing the clutch 32 and engaging the brake v55and' thereby causing quick cessation of rotation of the piece of work.

The rock-shaft 327 also has a handle 329 fixed thereto. (See Figs. 1, 3and 4.) This i handle forms an additional' control-arm, so

that the operator may set the machine -in motion either by means of itor by means of the control-arm 231. The handle 329 vvmay also beemployed for momentarily engaging the clutch 32 for convenience inshifting the elements in the speed changing mechanism. Instancmgtheoperation ofthe machine,

and referring to the diagrammatic View in Fig. 18,v of the cam 168 onthe cam-wheel 167, and the coacting rollers 169, 170, the line Arepresents the relation of the axes of the rollers `to the neutral faces331V of the f cam during 'a neutral position of the tools withr'elationto the work, in which both the roughing tools and the Vfinishing toolsare spaced from the youtei` periphery of the work. This is the point ofthe ending of a K. preceding cycle ofl ymovements of the tools and thework and `the beginning of a new( cycle of movements for the work andthe f .T90

tools.

When nowthe control-`arm231 israised or the control-arm 329 is rocked,toy shift the axially movable 'rod 47-for engagement 0f vthe vdriveclutch 32, vrotation of the work is initiatedflt lwill be understoodthatjthe drive pulley 31 islcontinuously rotating, and

that its connection with` the feed train is interrupted by theunclutched relation of the clutch 206. The rocking of the controlshaft235 raises the interference-arm 427,5, whereby, by the urging of thespring 283,

the clutch 206, is engaged, initiating rotation ofthe 'cam-wheel 167 andinitiating the feeding movements ofthe tools.

The cam-wheel'rotates inthe direction of the arrow 332. `There isadwell' of the tool-` slides inneutral positionsrv to enable the work toobtain a proper speed for cutting. This dwell takes place duringrotation of the camy throughout an angle from ythe line At'otheV line B,at the beginning of an abruptly Y climbing portion 333 of the cam. Whenthe 'i rollers 169,170, coact with this kabru tly` climbing portion, thetool-slides'are shi ted rapidly for moving 'the' roughing tools rap'-vidly toward the Work yinto cutting position with lrelation to the work.VThe line B shows the relations ofthe centers of the rollers 169, 170, atthe start ofy such rapid advance of the roughing tools toward the Work,and the line C shows the relations of's'uchcenters to 4the cam at theend of such rapidadvanc'e of the roughing tools toward the work. Thenext yportion 334-of the camf represents'a gradual `climb of the rcamforl gradual feeding of the, roughing ltools to the desired depth of thegrooves to be out in 'theworln The line C also represents the-relationof the centers ""of fsaid rollers to said cam at the start of the pathof the cam-wheel.

such cutting movement of the rear or roughing tools, and the lineD-.represents the relations of such centers to the cam the end of thecutting movements of the rear or 'roughing tools, and at the start of adwell line E represents the relations of the centers of the rollers tosaid dwell portion of the cam vat the end of the dwell of the rear orroughing tools inthe work and at the start of the withdrawal of the rearor roughing tools. The withdrawal of the roughing tools is accomplishedwith a rapid movementu This movement also effects the rapid advancemovement of the front or finishing tools toward the work into cuttingposition with relation to the work, This movement of the tools isaccomplished by the abruptly inclined portion 336 of the cam.

The dotted line F represents "the relation ofthe axes of the rollers169120, to the foam at the end of such rapid advance of the finishingtools and at the start of the cutting movement of the iinishing tools.

The rapid advances of the roughing` tools and of the iinishing tools tothe work avoid f .time consumption in idle movements of the tools. y v

The gradually inclined portion 337 of the cam represents the feedingmovement of the finishing tools during the cutting movement of thefinishing tools in the work.

The dotted line G represents the end of such cutting movement of thefinishing tools and the start of a dwell of the finishing tools withrelation to the work This dwell of the finishing tools with relation tothe work continues throughout the'coaction of the rollers with thedwelling portion 338 of the cam, in which the side faces of the cam areparallel with the path of the cam. During the first portion of suchdwelling position of the finishing tools in the work, the work isrotating a suiicient number of rotations to clean the grooves by meansof the finishing tools. Rotation of the work is, however,

lcaused to cease during such dwell of .the

finishing tools in the work, so that the tools may be withdrawn from thework while the work is at rest, so as to prevent the formation of spirallines or tool marks and the marring of the finished surfaces in thegrooves by 'the withdrawal of the tools during rotation of the work. Therotation of the work is caused to cease during such coaction of therollers with this dwelling portion 338 of the cam', preferably prior toarrival of the point in the cam represented by the line H, in line withthe axes of the rollers. The line H represents the end of the dwellingportion of the cam. Cessationy such dwell of the finishing tools, andthe` start of the withdrawal of the finishing tools from the work, whichoccurs while the work is at rest, and vwhich withdrawal returns thetools to neutral positions, this being aocomplished bythe abruptlyinclined portion 339 of the cam. This withdrawal takes place during theangular travel of the cam from the line H t-o the line A, which latterrepresents the relations .of the centers of the roller-sto the cam atthe'end of the rapid return of the tools to neutral positions, at whichpointthe rotationr of the cam-wheel stopped by the coaction ofthe arm226, which rotates with the cam, withthe slide 235, effectingdisengagement of the clutch 206.

This completes the cycle of rotation of the -work and 'the cycle offeeding movements of the tools and places the tools in neutral positionsaway from the work, thc

work having been stopped, so that the piece v of work just finished canbe unclutched and removed from the machine and a new piece of workinserted, whichis rapidlyaccom-l plished, whereupon either of thecontrol arms 231 or 329 may be moved, for again initiating the cycles ofmovements of the work and of the tools, for operation upon the newlyinserted piece of work.

In order that vthe relationsof the points in the cycles of operation maybe conveniently observed by the operator, an indicator-plate 341 isprovided, which rotates in' vunison with the cam-wheel.

(See Figs. 2,

8 and 17 It is shown fixed to the shaft 181 of the cain-wheel by meansof a belt 342, the angular relation of the indicator-plate to thecam-wheel being'iixed, as by key 343 between ythe indicator-plate andthe shaft 181. The lines on 'the indicator-plateV correspond to thelines imposed on the cam in Fig. 18, and aredesignated by 'similarreference letters. A cover 345 is fixed to the apron and protects thearms 225, 226, 241 and 271. This cover has a pointer 346 thereon withwhich the lines on the indicatorplate 341 register.

The lines on the indicator-plate may have i suitable designations"thereon to represent the steps in they cycles of operation upon arrivalof such lines in registry with the pointer 346.

, Means are also provided 'for feeding .the

tools manually, as by providing a bevel-- pinion` 351, which isjournaled in a bearing 352 in the apron, and held. axially therein. (SeeFigs. 1 and 9.) This bevel-pinion has spline groove and key connections353 with the longitudinalfeed-shaftf194. The bevel-pinion 351 mesheswith a bevel-pinion 354, which is in abearing 356 on the end ofv theapron. This shaft has a squared end 357, 1 this squared end. beinglocated inthe socket of a socket-piece 358 extending from the bearing356-, for protecting the outer endjof the shaft355 and preventingaccidental contact therewith bythe operator, kas this shaft rotatesduring the 'automat-ic feeding move-V ments of the cross-slides. Ahandle360 is provided with a socket-end 361 received in the socket-piece'358about the endof the shafty 355, for rotating the shaft. handle may alsobe received about the outer end 111 of the pinion-shaft y108 for feedingthe carriage lengthwise of the bed.

kRepetitional work is rapidly and accurately performed by my improveddevice. The piston blanks may for instance be quickly secured to thedrive-spindle.` The control-arm 231 which -is in convenient position forthe operator standing in front of the machine, may be quickly raised forinitiating the feeding ymovements of the cutters, which feedingmovements are automatically arrested upon completion ofthe ring-groovesin the piston, the cutter slides moving in one direction for roughcutting the grooves, and in the opposite direction for finish cutting ofthe grooves, and again inthe first-named direction for distaneing thecutters from the piston, the limits ofVV these` movements beingaccurately kdetermined `and the feeding movements being automaticallyinterruptedupon completion of the cutting... The rotation andcessation.,`

of rotation of the piece of` work is also quickly effected. Interruptionin the feeding train yis also quickly/.manually Vaccomplishedat anypoint the feedingvmovements.

Having thus fullvdescribed my invention, what VI. claim as new, anddesireto secure `byLetters Patent, is

1. In a lathe of the character described, the combination of awork-rotating spindle, driving means, power interrupting means between..said driving means and said spindle, braking means for saidy spindle, acrossslide, tool-holders thereon at opposite sides of the axis of saidspindle, said tool-holders arranged for receiving cutting tools at op.-

fixed to a shaft 355, journaledI This posite sides of said axis of saidspindle, `a cam-wheel for feeding said cross-slide in V.oppositedirections for combinedly feeding` said. tool-holdeis toward and fromthe 4axis of said spindle for alternate coaction of said cutting-toolswith the work on said spindle.

said cam provided withfaportion locating the cutting-tool at one sideof'said work to fullest depth in said work and withA a portion locatingall said cutting-tools .away

from said work, automatic means automatik cally i operating saidpowerinterrupting means and said brakingy means during coacytionl of saidfirst-named portion of said cam withsaid cross-slide, and automaticmeans automatically Varresting rotation of said cam-wheel duringcoaction of said-lastiiamed portion of said cam with said crossslide.

2. In a lathe of the character described,

the combination of awork-rotating spindle,

driving means, power interrupting means between said driving means'andsaid spindie, a cross-slide, tool-holders thereon at opposite sides ofthe axis of the spindle, said j f.

tool-holders arranged for receiving cuttingtools at opposite ysidesoftheV axis of said spindle, a cam-wheel 'for' feeding said crossslide inopposite directions for coiiibinedly feeding said tool-holders towardand fromv the axis of said spindle for alternate coaction of saidcutting tools with the work, said cam .provided with a'poition' locating`all said cutting tools away from said work,

work rotating spindle therein, a carriage` an apron depending therefromin front of said bed, a cross-slide on saI holders thereon at .oppositesides ofv the axis of said spindle, said tool-holders ai'- ian'ged forreceiving tools at opposite sides of said axis, acani-wl'ieel insaidapion for feeding said cross-slide in opposite directions forcombinedly feeding said toolholders toward and lfrom said axis foralternate coaction of said cutting tools'with the a work, said camprovided with a vportion locatingall said cutting-tools away from saidrwork, power interruptingI means for said cam-wheel, automatic meansautomatically actuating said ,last-named' means for arrestingrot'ationof saidv lcamwheel during coaction of said last-named portionwith said cross-slide, and a handle Airriage, toolinterrupting jreengaging saidpower interruptingmeans.

4l. In a. lathe of the character described, the combination of a bed, ahead-stock, a work rotating spindle therein, a carriage, an aprondepending therefrom in front of said bed, a cross-slide on saidcarriage, tool-` holders thereon at opposite sides of the axis of saidspindle, said tool-holders arranged for receiving tools at oppositesides of said axis, a cam-wheel in said apron for feeding saidcross--slide'in opposite directions for combinedly feeding saidtool-holders toward and from said axis for alternate coaction of saidcutting-tools with the work, said cam provided with a portion locatingali said cutting-tools away from said work, power interrupting means forsaid cam-wheel, automatic means automatically actuating said last-namedinterrupting means for arresting rotation of said cam-wheel duringcoaction of said last-named portion with said cross-slide, and handlesat opposite sides of the work-position -for reengaging said powerinterrupting means.

5. ln a lathe of the character described, the combination of a workrotating spindle, a tool-supporting cross-slide, feeding me 3 for saidcross-slide comprising a power interrupting means including a movableelement, a manual control-arm, a latch therefor, means operated by saidfeeding means for automatically tripping said latch for movement of saidcontrol-arm, an interforcn'ce part haring operative connection with saidcontrol-arm and with said movable element, and means operated by saidfeeding.

means for moving said interference part whilst in such interferingrelation and thereby moving' said movable element for power interruptionin said power interruption means, and constructed and arranged wherebymanual return of said control arm retracts said interference part forreengagement of said power interrupting` means.

6. In a lathe of the character described,

the combination of a work rotating spindle, a tool supportingcross-slide, feeding means for said cross-slide comprising a powerinterrupting means including a movable clement, a manual control-arm, alatch therefor, actuating means for said. arm, said latch and saidactuating moans provided with contact-parts, an arm operated by saidfeeding means automatically coacting with said contact-parts fortripping said latch and moving said control-arm, an interference parthaving operative connection with said control-arm and with said movableelement and moved into interference relation by said movement of saidcontrol-arm, and means operated by said feeding means for moving saidinterference part whilst in such intertering relation and thereby movingsaidy movable element for power interruption in said power interruptingmeans, and costructed and arranged whereby manual return of saidcontrol-arm retracts said inter-V ference. part tor reengagement of saidpower interrupting means. ,i f

7. ln a lathe ofthe character described, the combination of a workrotating spindle, a tool-supporting cross-slide, feeding means forsaidvcross-slide comprising a power interi-opti ymeans including amovable element, a. manual control-arm, a latchtherefor, tripping' meansfor said latch, actuating 1n ians for said arm, said tripping means andsaid actuating means provided with contact parts, interference parthaving operative connection with said control-arm andwith said movableelement-and movedy into intertering relation by said actuating means, anactuating means for said interference part whilst in such interferingrelation, and actuating means in train with said feeding means actuatingsaid tripping means, said first-named actuating meansand said second'actuating means moving said movableA element for power interruption insaid power interrupting cans for cessation of feeding movement oi: saidfeedingl means, and constructed and arranged whereby manual re fzaidcontrol-arm retracts said interference part for reenga-gement in saidpower interrupting means. Y

S. ln a lathe of the character described,

ment, a manual control-arm, an interference part having operativeconnection with saidv control arm and with said movable element, a pairof slides arranged for moving said interference part axially and therebymoving said movableelement for power zinterruption in said powerinterrupting means, a part having o ierative connection with saidfeeding means for automatically moving one of said slides for such powerinterruption, and manual means havingoperative connection with the otherof saidslides forV manually moving said interference part forV suchpower interruption, and constructed and arranged whereby manual returnofV said control-armV places said interference part in non-interferingrelation with saidY one of said slides. l y f 9. In a lathe of thecharacter described, the combination of a worl-z rotating spindle, atool supporting rcross-slide, .feeding means for said cross-slidecomprising a cam-wheel, the cani whereof .has operative connection withsaid cross-slide for vfeeding said crossslide, a feed-shaft for saidcam-wheel, meansv said movable. element, a manual control-arm Y forrocking saidroclr-shaft, an interference part rotatable with saidrock-shaft, a slide forl actuating said interference part, means .for

automatically moving said 4control-arm .for interference relation ofsaid interference partA with saidslide, and means operativelyconnectedwith saidA cam-wlieelfor operating said ylast-named means and said slidefor automatic interruption in said power interrupting means, yandvconstructed aiid'arranged whereby retraction ofsaid manual control armlretracts said. interference .partout oit range of said slide forreengagementiiilsaid power interrupting means.

slide for eedingnsaid' crossfslide, .a feed-v shaft forrotating saidcam-wheel, `means for i .driving said feed-shaft comprising powerinterrupting means lincluding a movablevelement, aniaxially movable androck# able shaft on said apron having operative ,connection` with saidmovable element, :da

manual control-arm at one end of saidfapron orrocking saidrock-shaft, alatch onsaid apron, normally `holding said control-arm in retractedrelation, an operating partonsaid apron for said control-arm, aninterferencepart on said rock-shaft, .a slide at thek other .end of saidapron for actuating `:said interference part, and a .plurality of armsbetweeny said latch, saidoperating part and vsaid slide operativelyconnectedwith said cam-,wheel ior operating lsaid latch,y said operatingpart. and said slide for automatic interruption yin `said powerinterrupting means, and constructed and, arranged whereby retraction ofsaid manualcontrol-arm retracts said interferencepart out of rangeofsaid slide for reengagement insaid power interrupting means. i

11. In a latheof the character described, the combination of a bed.aworkrotating spindle, .a carriage on said bed, an apron depending'fromsaid carriage, -a tool supporting cross-slide on said carriage, meanslfor reciprocating saidcross-slide comprising a cam-wheel on said apronhaving yoperative connection with saidcross-slide, a feed-shaft forrotating said cam-wheel, driving means therefor Vcomprising a powerinterrupting means including a movable element,an axially movable androckablel shaft on said apron having operative connection with saidmovable element, an interference part` on said last-named shaft, a slide'on said apron arranged for moving said interference part, a manualcontrol-armliaving operative conf a vcarriage on said bed, anaprondeatool support-V the cam whereof` l automatic reengagement in saidinterrupting means. d y

12, In a latheof the character described, the combination of a bed, awork rotating spindle, a carriage on said bed, an apronVdependingfromsaid carriage, -a tool supporting cross-slide onsaidcarriage, lmeans for yreciprocating said cross-slide lcomprising yacani-wheel. on said apron'liaving operative connection with saidcross-slide, a feed-shaft vfor rotating said cam-wheel, driving meanstherefor comprising `power interrupting means including a movableelement, an axially movable and rockable shaft having op# erativeconnection with said movable element, an interference part on saidlastnamed shaft, a slide on-said apron arranged `tor moving saidvinterference part, a manual control-aria having operative connection fwith said interferencefpart, alatchfon said apron normallyv holding saidcontrolarm in retracted relation, latch operating means on said. apron,androtatable yarms having operative'connection with said cam-wheelautomatically operating said latch for operation of said control-arm andJfor interference relation of` said interference part andautof maticallymoving said slide for release relation .off said movable element, andmeans normally urging 'return of said f, movable element into engagedrelation, @and con-v structed `and arranged whereby manual retraction ofsaid manual control-arm places' said interference part innon-interfering relation with said slide for automatic reen` gagement insaid interrupting means.

13. Ina lathe'ofthe character described, the combination of a bed, awork supporting spindle, a carriage on said bed, an apron depending fromsaid carriage in front of said bed, a tool supporting cross-slidey onsaid carriage, feeding means forsaid cross? slide comprising a cam-wheelon said apron, a feed-shaft for 'rotating the same, power driving meanscomprising power interru ting means includinga movable element' ordriving said feed-shaft, an axially movable rock-shaft journaled insaid'apron, an interference part thereon, a slide on said apron.coacting with,l said interference part, means on said apron for rockingsaid interference lpart into interference relation with said slide, androtary means having operative connection with said caniwheel toroperating said last-named means and said slide in sequence for movingsaid movable element into power interrupting'relation tor stopping thecross-feeding movement ot said cross-slide.

' 14. ln a lathe ot the character described, the combination of a bed, awork supporting spindle, a carriage on said bed, an apron depending fromsaid carriage in tron of said bed, a tool supporting cross-slide on saidcarriage', feeding means for said crossslide comprising a cam-wheel onsaid apron, a feed-shaft for rotating the saine, power driving meanscomprising power interrupting means including a movable element tordriving` said feed-shaft, an axially movable rock-shaft journaled insaid apron, an interference part thereon, a slide on said apron coactingwithsaid interference part, rocking means on said apron for rocking saidinterference part into interiierence relation with said slide, rotarymeans having operative connection with said cam-wheel 'for oper" atingsaid last-named means and said slide in sequence for moving said movableeleinent into disengaged relation for stopping the` cross-feedingmovement of said cross' slide, and manual operating means on said apronfor moving said rock-shaft axially 'for manual control of saidinterrupting-means.

15. In a lathe of the character described, the combination of ,a bed, awork rotating spindle, a carriage onsaid bed, an apron depending fromsaid carriage, a techsupporting cross-slide, on said carriage, meansYfor reciprocating said cross-slide comprising a cam-wheel on saidapron, the cam whereof has operativeconneetion with said crossslide forfeeding said cross-slide, means for rotating said cam-wlieel comprisingpower interrupting means including a movable element, a' manualcontrol-arm at the'end oit said apron, an interference part having op*erative connection with said control-arm and with said movable element,a slide including a relatively movable contact-part arranged forinoving'said interference part axially when in suoli interferingrelation and thereby moving said movable element ttor power interruptionin said power interrupting means, a rotatable arm having operativeconnection with said cam-wheel tor automatically moving said slide torsuch power interruption, and manual means for rotating saidcam-wheel,said rotatable arm arranged to pass said rela-tively movable contactpartwhile said slide is maintained stationary during reverse rotation ofsaid rotatable arm by said last-named manual means.

16. In a lathe of the character described, the combination of a workrotating spindle, a cross-slide arranged for receiving cutting tools atthe respective sides of the axis of said spindle, means for rotatingsaidspindle including power interrupting means, means tor reciprocating saidcross-slide compris-y ing a cam-wheel provided with a cam, con nectingmeans between said cam and saidv cross-slide, feeding means for said camincluding power interrupting means, tripping means rotatable with saidcam, and coacting means for said tripping means having op-V era-tiveconnections with said two-named between said driving means and saidspindle,

a cross-slidearranged for receiving cutting tools at the respectivesides of the aXis of lsaid spindle, a cani-wheel provided -witha canifor reciprocatingsaidcrossnlide, feeding means for said cam-wheelincluding power interrupting means, tripping means rotatable with saidcam-wheel, and'coacting means therefor having operative connections withsaid respective power interrupting,

means, said tripping means vcoacting with said last-named coacting meanssequentially with a time interval between such coactions for lirstcausing cessation of rotation of said spindle and then causingreciprocation of said cross-slide for Withdrawal of said tools from thework. v 18. 1n a lathe of the. character described, the combination ot awork rotating spindle, driving means, power interrupting vmeans betweensaid driving means and said spindle, braking means for said spindle, across-slide arranged for receiving cutting tools at the respective sidesof the work rotated by said spindle, a cam-wheel for said cross-slidefor feeding said cross-slide inV opposite direc-- tions for alternatecoaction ot' said cutting` tools with said work, said cam provided witha portion locating the tool at one side of said axis to greatest depthyin the work and with a portion locating all said cutting tools away fromsaid work, automatic vmeans having operative connection with said powerinterrupting means and said braking means actuating said powerVinterrupting means and causing braking action in said braking meansduring coaction of said rst-named cam-portion with said crossfslide, andauto matic means automatically arresting rotation of said cam-wheelduring ooaction ot-said last-named cam-portion with said crosseslide.

19. In a lathe of the character described, the combination of awork-rotating spindle, driving means, power interrupting means betweensaid driving means and said spindle, braking means for said spindle, acrossslide arranged for receiving cutting tools at the respective sidesof the Work, acam-wheel for feeding said cross-slide in oppositedirections, said cam-Wheelv provided ywith cam portions ooaoting withsaid cross-slide respectively for neutral positions of said tools withrelation to lsaid Work, for abrupt approach of said tool at one side ofsaid work toward saidA work, for gradual entry of the cutting tool atsaid side into the work, for abrupt movements of said cross-slideinopposite directions for approach of the cutting tool at the oppositeside of said axis to said work, for gradual entry of said last-namedcutting tool into saidwork, for dwell of said last-named cutting tool insaid work, and means operative during said last-named coaction foractuating said first-named power interrupting means and .said brakingmeans for stoppage of rotation of the work, said cam further providedwith an abrupt cam-portion returning said tools to neutral positions.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

WILLIAM L. SCHELLENBACH.

